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The authors reported that intra-articular AOD-9604 injection in the rabbit osteoarthritis model produced macroscopic, histologic, and biomechanical evidence of cartilage preservation relative to untreated controls, with the combination of AOD-9604 plus hyaluronic acid yielding the most consistent chondroprotective effect [4]

Clinically, however, the evidence is mixed : Vitamin B12 has a well-established role in energy metabolism, especially in deficient individuals

Mood balance : Plays a role in neurotransmitter regulation, reducing feelings of low mood

Molloy, in Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences, 2014 available online at sciencedirect.com/topics/bi

They are not a replacement for a balanced diet or medical treatment